More than parental monitoring, closeness of teens to their nonresident fathers and biological mothers is positively related to adolescent well-being and is more often a significant predictor of adolescent outcomes.

Source:
"Adolescent Well-Being in Cohabiting, Married, and Single-Parent Families"
Manning, Wendy D.
Lamb, Kathleen A.
Journal of Marriage and Family Vol. 65, Number 4. November, 2003. Page(s) 876-893.

(HT: FamilyFacts.org)